nemesis

noun

nem·​e·​sis ˈne-mə-səs How to pronounce nemesis (audio)
1
capitalized : the Greek goddess of retributive justice
2
plural nemeses ˈne-mə-ˌsēz How to pronounce nemesis (audio)
a
: one that inflicts retribution or vengeance
Many a pursued man fell before his nemesis in the streets …Agnes Morely Cleaveland
b
: a formidable and usually victorious rival or opponent
The team was defeated by its old nemesis.
3
plural nemeses
a
: an act or effect of retribution
… pursue them with the nemesis of outraged humanity.Donald Culross Peattie
b
: bane sense 1
A nemesis of humankind since the first hand slapped the first cheek, mosquitoes have bitten their way into the American experience …Jack Cox

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Nemesis and Greek Mythology

Nemesis was the Greek goddess of vengeance, a deity who doled out rewards for noble acts and punishment for evil ones. The Greeks believed that Nemesis didn't always punish an offender immediately but might wait generations to avenge a crime. In English, nemesis originally referred to someone who brought a just retribution, but nowadays people are more likely to see simple animosity rather than justice in the actions of a nemesis (consider the motivations of Batman’s perennial foe the Joker, for example).

Examples of nemesis in a Sentence

On just the kind of putt that had been a career-long nemesis, he kept his head perfectly still and knocked the ball squarely in the hole. Jaime Diaz, Sports Illustrated, 20 Feb. 1995
Japan and Iraq have been floated as possible successors for the role once filled by Amercia's old nemesis, the Soviet Union … Michiko Kakutani, New York Times, 18 June 1993
In the beginning were the words, winged at first until, paralysed, they fell to earth and were imprisoned by their nemesis, the alphabet. Erich Segal, Times Literary Supplement, 12 July 1991
Thus, once surgeons implant the new graft, tissue rejection—the unforgiving nemesis of most transplant attempts—occurs in only 3% to 5% of cases. Christine Gorman et al., Time, 7 Dec. 1987
He will be playing his old nemesis for the championship. Batman is the Joker's main nemesis and always foils his wicked plots.
Recent Examples on the Web
Examples are automatically compiled from online sources to show current usage. Read More Opinions expressed in the examples do not represent those of Merriam-Webster or its editors. Send us feedback.
Contributor | Getty Images News | Getty Images Iran has been one of Russia’s few staunch allies throughout the war against Ukraine, but Tehran now faces the strain of indirectly fighting its nemesis Israel on two fronts. Holly Ellyatt, CNBC, 21 Oct. 2024 Meanwhile, Khaleda Zia, leader of the main opposition Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP) and Hasina’s longtime nemesis, was released from house arrest, and a ban was rescinded on Bangladesh’s main Islamist party, Jamaat-e-Islami. Charlie Campbell, TIME, 3 Oct. 2024 After a slow start, the Gophers football team is riding a three-game winning streak to Illinois for a crucial matchup against old nemesis Bret Bielema. Nick Halter, Axios, 1 Nov. 2024 Saweetie posted to her Instagram grid several times to share her spot-on tribute to one of Batman's most notorious nemeses, including editing herself into an actual scene from the movie. Marci Robin, Allure, 31 Oct. 2024 See all Example Sentences for nemesis 

Word History

Etymology

borrowed from Latin, borrowed from Greek némesis "retribution, righteous anger, blame," probably derivative (with -esis, analogically extended form of -sis, -tis, suffix of action nouns) of némein "to rule, distribute, apportion" — more at nimble

First Known Use

1561, in the meaning defined at sense 1

Time Traveler
The first known use of nemesis was in 1561

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Cite this Entry

“Nemesis.” Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary, Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/nemesis. Accessed 1 Dec. 2024.

Kids Definition

nemesis

noun
nem·​e·​sis ˈnem-ə-səs How to pronounce nemesis (audio)
plural nemeses -ə-ˌsēz How to pronounce nemesis (audio)
1
a
: one that punishes or avenges
b
: a formidable and usually victorious rival or opponent
2
: an act or instance of just punishment

More from Merriam-Webster on nemesis

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