confound

verb

con·​found kən-ˈfau̇nd How to pronounce confound (audio)
kän-
confounded; confounding; confounds

transitive verb

1
: to throw (a person) into confusion or perplexity
tactics to confound the enemy
2
a
: refute
sought to confound his arguments
b
: to put to shame : discomfit
a performance that confounded the critics
3
: damn
4
a
: to fail to discern differences between : mix up
They implored Charles not to confound the innocent with the guilty …T. B. Macaulay
b
: to increase the confusion of
5
a
: baffle, frustrate
Conferences … are not for accomplishment but to confound knavish tricks.John Kenneth Galbraith
b
archaic : to bring to ruin : destroy
6
obsolete : consume, waste
confounder noun
confoundingly adverb
Choose the Right Synonym for confound

puzzle, perplex, bewilder, distract, nonplus, confound, dumbfound mean to baffle and disturb mentally.

puzzle implies existence of a problem difficult to solve.

the persistent fever puzzled the doctor

perplex adds a suggestion of worry and uncertainty especially about making a necessary decision.

a behavior that perplexed her friends

bewilder stresses a confusion of mind that hampers clear and decisive thinking.

a bewildering number of possibilities

distract implies agitation or uncertainty induced by conflicting preoccupations or interests.

distracted by personal problems

nonplus implies a bafflement that makes orderly planning or deciding impossible.

the remark left us utterly nonplussed

confound implies temporary mental paralysis caused by astonishment or profound abasement.

the tragic news confounded us all

dumbfound suggests intense but momentary confounding; often the idea of astonishment is so stressed that it becomes a near synonym of astound.

was at first too dumbfounded to reply

Examples of confound in a Sentence

The strategy confounded our opponents. The murder case has confounded investigators. The school's team confounded all predictions and won the game. The success of the show confounded critics.
Recent Examples on the Web
Examples are automatically compiled from online sources to show current usage. Read More Opinions expressed in the examples do not represent those of Merriam-Webster or its editors. Send us feedback.
Sacked 18 times this year, six came in the 49ers’ Week 2 loss at Minnesota, where the Vikings deployed a confounding defensive scheme. Cam Inman, The Mercury News, 16 Nov. 2024 That was a confounding error given the sizable Puerto Rican population in some of the key swing states — including more than 400,000 people in Pennsylvania. Niall Stanage, The Hill, 30 Oct. 2024 Finally, this study does not take into account other confounding influences such as socioeconomic status and peer effects—an indication that the research on teen marijuana use should be done by using longitudinal studies to understand their trends. Dario Sabaghi, Forbes, 29 Oct. 2024 Watch on Deadline Cuarón’s confounding seven-part series titled Disclaimer from Apple+ is fomenting debate this week, having been greeted equally with praise and second-guessing. Peter Bart, Deadline, 25 Oct. 2024 See all Example Sentences for confound 

Word History

Etymology

Middle English confounden "to defeat, destroy, frustrate, bewilder," borrowed from Anglo-French confondre, going back to Latin confundere "to pour together, blend, bring into disorder, destroy, disconcert," from con- con- + fundere "to pour, shed" — more at found entry 5

First Known Use

14th century, in the meaning defined at sense 5b

Time Traveler
The first known use of confound was in the 14th century

Dictionary Entries Near confound

Cite this Entry

“Confound.” Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary, Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/confound. Accessed 1 Dec. 2024.

Kids Definition

confound

verb
con·​found kən-ˈfau̇nd How to pronounce confound (audio)
kän-
1
2
: to throw into disorder : mix up : confuse
our clever tactics confounded our opponents
confoundedly adverb

More from Merriam-Webster on confound

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